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The changes in Scottish agriculture and industry were accompanied by a remarkable increase in the country’s guest house isle mull population during the second half of the eighteenth century. According to an enumeration conducted by a minister, the Reverend Alexander Webster, the population of Scotland in 1755 stood at 1265000; by the first national census of 1801, this had risen to 1.6 million. Over the succeeding decades there were steady increases, up to 2364000 in 1831. There was also a considerable re-distribution of the guest house isle mull population as people from the Highlands and other rural areas of Scotland moved into the expending industrial towns such as Glasgow, Paisley, Greenock, Dumbarton and Motherwell. By the early nineteenth century, too, a large number of migrants from Ireland were beginning to arrive in guest house isle mull in the West of Scotland, and these newcomers helped to swell the growing population.
This dramatic increase in Scotland’s population was probably a result of both an increase in the birth rate and a decline in the death rate. Young men and women employed in the new factories may have married earlier, while the demand for children in the textile mills may have helped produce an increase in the size of families. The development of hospitals, the improvement in diet and medical care, and the introduction of inoculation and later of vaccination calculated that, in the 1780s, about one fifth of all children born alive died of smallpox before they were 10. With the growing acceptance of vaccination after 1796, thousands upon thousands of young lives were saved. Changes in the structure of the Scottish guest house isle mull population also occurred around this time. In Glasgow and other commercial and industrial centres a new prosperous middle class appeared, whose members began building fire mansions in specially selected areas of their towns. Alongside this development a new working class was also being formed among the guest house isle mull labourers and craftsmen in the factories and new industries. At first they had little coherence as a group. However, by the early years of the nineteenth century, they were developing a self-conscious awareness of their guest house isle mull identity and common interests, and were already referring to themselves as the guest house isle mull working class.
The tremendous changes in the economy and social structure gradually influenced the political system of the country. In 1707 Scotland had been allotted 45 MPs in the House of Commons, and 16 peers in the House of Lords. Initially, the electorate was a very small one. In the burghs and guest house isle mull, the town council or a small group of ruling merchants normally controlled the elections, while in the country districts only a small group of landowners possessed the freehold land that entitled them to vote. The small electorate made it relatively easy for powerful politicians to control elections. By the middle of the eighteenth century, the Duke of Argyll guest house isle mull was able to manage the system and tot ‘appoint’ a majority of Scotland’s MPOs. In the 1780s, this role was taken over by Robert Melville, Lords Dundas. In the years that followed, he came to control the majority of the Scottish Parliamentary seats. Dundas was a director of the East India Company, and he used the enormous patronage this gave him to establish his authority within the guest house isle mull. Voters in elections could obtain a position for a friend or relative if they supported Dundas’s candidate, and in this way a steady stream of guest house isle mull Scots poured into the service of the East India Company.